[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":937},["ShallowReactive",2],{"gerundio-es":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":921,"extension":922,"meta":923,"navigation":932,"path":933,"seo":934,"stem":935,"__hash__":936},"content/gerundio/es.md","Gerundio: ¿qué es y cómo se forma?",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":894},"minimark",[9,78,93,144,311,620,746,877,889],[10,11,12,13,12,43],"section",{},"\n  ",[14,15,16,17,21,22,25,26,30,31,34,35,38,39,42],"p",{},"\n    El ",[18,19,20],"strong",{},"Gerundio"," es una ",[18,23,24],{},"forma no personal del verbo",":\n    no varía por persona ni número y no expresa por sí mismo tiempo. Es la\n    forma que termina en ",[27,28,29],"em",{},"-ando"," (verbos en -ar) o ",[27,32,33],{},"-iendo","\n    (verbos en -er / -ir). Se usa sobre todo con ",[27,36,37],{},"estar"," para formar\n    el progresivo (",[27,40,41],{},"estoy hablando",") y para indicar acciones\n    simultáneas o el modo de hacer algo.\n  ",[44,45,46,47,46,54,46,60,46,66,46,72,12],"ul",{},"\n    ",[48,49,50,51],"li",{},"Progresivo: ",[27,52,53],{},"Estoy hablando con María",[48,55,56,57],{},"Simultaneidad: ",[27,58,59],{},"Entró cantando",[48,61,62,63],{},"Modo / cómo: ",[27,64,65],{},"Aprendo español leyendo libros",[48,67,68,69],{},"Causa o condición: ",[27,70,71],{},"Sabiendo eso, no iría",[48,73,74,75],{},"Continuidad en el pasado: ",[27,76,77],{},"Estuve estudiando toda la noche",[14,79,80],{},[81,82,92],"a",{"href":83,"className":84},"/dashboard",[85,86,87,88,89,90,91],"btn","btn-primary","btn-lg","px-4","py-2","d-inline-block","mb-4","Practicar Gerundio",[10,94,12,95,12,100,12,129],{},[96,97,99],"h2",{"id":98},"qué-es-el-gerundio","¿Qué es el Gerundio?",[14,101,16,102,104,105,108,109,112,113,116,117,120,121,124,125,128],{},[18,103,20],{}," es una de las tres ",[18,106,107],{},"formas no\n    personales"," del verbo, junto con el ",[27,110,111],{},"infinitivo","\n    (hablar, comer, vivir) y el ",[27,114,115],{},"participio"," (hablado, comido,\n    vivido). A diferencia de las formas conjugadas, el gerundio\n    ",[18,118,119],{},"no cambia",": ",[27,122,123],{},"hablando"," sirve para\n    ",[27,126,127],{},"yo, tú, él, nosotros, vosotros, ellos",".\n  ",[14,130,131,132,135,136,139,140,143],{},"\n    El gerundio tiene valor ",[18,133,134],{},"adverbial",": describe cómo,\n    cuándo o por qué se realiza la acción del verbo principal. Por eso\n    se traduce a menudo como ",[27,137,138],{},"-ing"," en inglés, pero\n    ",[18,141,142],{},"no como sustantivo",": «me gusta correr» (no\n    «me gusta corriendo»).\n  ",[10,145,12,146,12,150,12,153,12,212,12,217],{},[96,147,149],{"id":148},"cómo-se-forma-el-gerundio","¿Cómo se forma el Gerundio?",[14,151,152],{},"\n    La regla general depende de la terminación del infinitivo:\n  ",[154,155,46,156,12],"div",{},[157,158,159,160,159,178,46],"table",{},"\n      ",[161,162,163,164,159],"thead",{},"\n        ",[165,166,167,168,167,172,167,175,163],"tr",{},"\n          ",[169,170,171],"th",{},"Grupo",[169,173,174],{},"Terminación",[169,176,177],{},"Ejemplo",[179,180,163,181,163,192,163,202,159],"tbody",{},[165,182,183,187,189],{},[184,185,186],"td",{},"-ar",[184,188,29],{},[184,190,191],{},"hablar → hablando",[165,193,194,197,199],{},[184,195,196],{},"-er",[184,198,33],{},[184,200,201],{},"comer → comiendo",[165,203,204,207,209],{},[184,205,206],{},"-ir",[184,208,33],{},[184,210,211],{},"vivir → viviendo",[213,214,216],"h3",{"id":215},"verbos-regulares-hablar-comer-vivir","Verbos regulares: hablar, comer, vivir",[154,218,46,219,12],{},[157,220,159,221,159,232,46],{},[161,222,163,223,159],{},[165,224,167,225,167,228,167,230,163],{},[169,226,227],{},"Infinitivo",[169,229,20],{},[169,231,177],{},[179,233,163,234,163,246,163,259,163,272,163,285,163,298,159],{},[165,235,236,239,241],{},[184,237,238],{},"hablar",[184,240,123],{},[184,242,243],{},[27,244,245],{},"Está hablando con su madre",[165,247,248,251,254],{},[184,249,250],{},"comer",[184,252,253],{},"comiendo",[184,255,256],{},[27,257,258],{},"Estoy comiendo una manzana",[165,260,261,264,267],{},[184,262,263],{},"vivir",[184,265,266],{},"viviendo",[184,268,269],{},[27,270,271],{},"Estamos viviendo en Madrid",[165,273,274,277,280],{},[184,275,276],{},"trabajar",[184,278,279],{},"trabajando",[184,281,282],{},[27,283,284],{},"Sigue trabajando aquí",[165,286,287,290,293],{},[184,288,289],{},"aprender",[184,291,292],{},"aprendiendo",[184,294,295],{},[27,296,297],{},"Está aprendiendo a conducir",[165,299,300,303,306],{},[184,301,302],{},"escribir",[184,304,305],{},"escribiendo",[184,307,308],{},[27,309,310],{},"Estoy escribiendo una carta",[10,312,12,313,12,317,12,320,12,324,12,331,12,441,12,445,12,448,12,486,12,490,12,507,12,585,12,601,12,605],{},[96,314,316],{"id":315},"cuáles-son-los-gerundios-irregulares","¿Cuáles son los gerundios irregulares?",[14,318,319],{},"\n    Hay tres grupos de irregularidades en el gerundio:\n  ",[213,321,323],{"id":322},"_1-cambio-vocálico-e-i-verbos-ir","1. Cambio vocálico e → i (verbos -ir)",[14,325,326,327,330],{},"\n    Los verbos -ir con cambio e→i o e→ie en presente mantienen el\n    cambio a ",[27,328,329],{},"i"," en el gerundio.\n  ",[154,332,46,333,12],{},[157,334,159,335,159,343,46],{},[161,336,163,337,159],{},[165,338,167,339,167,341,163],{},[169,340,227],{},[169,342,20],{},[179,344,163,345,163,353,163,361,163,369,163,377,163,385,163,393,163,401,163,409,163,417,163,425,163,433,159],{},[165,346,347,350],{},[184,348,349],{},"pedir",[184,351,352],{},"pidiendo",[165,354,355,358],{},[184,356,357],{},"servir",[184,359,360],{},"sirviendo",[165,362,363,366],{},[184,364,365],{},"decir",[184,367,368],{},"diciendo",[165,370,371,374],{},[184,372,373],{},"sentir",[184,375,376],{},"sintiendo",[165,378,379,382],{},[184,380,381],{},"mentir",[184,383,384],{},"mintiendo",[165,386,387,390],{},[184,388,389],{},"repetir",[184,391,392],{},"repitiendo",[165,394,395,398],{},[184,396,397],{},"seguir",[184,399,400],{},"siguiendo",[165,402,403,406],{},[184,404,405],{},"conseguir",[184,407,408],{},"consiguiendo",[165,410,411,414],{},[184,412,413],{},"preferir",[184,415,416],{},"prefiriendo",[165,418,419,422],{},[184,420,421],{},"venir",[184,423,424],{},"viniendo",[165,426,427,430],{},[184,428,429],{},"vestir",[184,431,432],{},"vistiendo",[165,434,435,438],{},[184,436,437],{},"convertir",[184,439,440],{},"convirtiendo",[213,442,444],{"id":443},"_2-cambio-vocálico-o-u","2. Cambio vocálico o → u",[14,446,447],{},"\n    Tres verbos cambian o→u en el gerundio:\n  ",[154,449,46,450,12],{},[157,451,159,452,159,460,46],{},[161,453,163,454,159],{},[165,455,167,456,167,458,163],{},[169,457,227],{},[169,459,20],{},[179,461,163,462,163,470,163,478,159],{},[165,463,464,467],{},[184,465,466],{},"dormir",[184,468,469],{},"durmiendo",[165,471,472,475],{},[184,473,474],{},"morir",[184,476,477],{},"muriendo",[165,479,480,483],{},[184,481,482],{},"poder",[184,484,485],{},"pudiendo",[213,487,489],{"id":488},"_3-iendo-yendo-stem-en-vocal","3. -iendo → -yendo (stem en vocal)",[14,491,492,493,496,497,499,500,502,503,506],{},"\n    Cuando la raíz de un verbo en -er / -ir termina en ",[18,494,495],{},"vocal",",\n    la ",[27,498,329],{}," de ",[27,501,33],{}," se convierte en ",[27,504,505],{},"y",":\n  ",[154,508,46,509,12],{},[157,510,159,511,159,519,46],{},[161,512,163,513,159],{},[165,514,167,515,167,517,163],{},[169,516,227],{},[169,518,20],{},[179,520,163,521,163,529,163,537,163,545,163,553,163,561,163,569,163,577,159],{},[165,522,523,526],{},[184,524,525],{},"leer",[184,527,528],{},"leyendo",[165,530,531,534],{},[184,532,533],{},"creer",[184,535,536],{},"creyendo",[165,538,539,542],{},[184,540,541],{},"oír",[184,543,544],{},"oyendo",[165,546,547,550],{},[184,548,549],{},"caer",[184,551,552],{},"cayendo",[165,554,555,558],{},[184,556,557],{},"traer",[184,559,560],{},"trayendo",[165,562,563,566],{},[184,564,565],{},"huir",[184,567,568],{},"huyendo",[165,570,571,574],{},[184,572,573],{},"construir",[184,575,576],{},"construyendo",[165,578,579,582],{},[184,580,581],{},"destruir",[184,583,584],{},"destruyendo",[14,586,46,587,590,591,594,595,120,598,128],{},[18,588,589],{},"Excepción:"," los verbos en -ucir (",[27,592,593],{},"producir,\n    conducir, traducir",") NO siguen esta regla — su raíz termina en\n    consonante ",[27,596,597],{},"c",[27,599,600],{},"produciendo, conduciendo, traduciendo",[213,602,604],{"id":603},"_4-totalmente-irregular-ir","4. Totalmente irregular: ir",[14,606,607,608,611,612,615,616,619],{},"\n    El verbo ",[27,609,610],{},"ir"," tiene un gerundio único: ",[18,613,614],{},"yendo","\n    (",[27,617,618],{},"Voy yendo a la oficina",").\n  ",[10,621,12,622,12,626,12,629,12,633,12,640,12,659,12,663,12,666,12,682,12,686,12,689,12,705,12,709,12,712,12,725,12,729],{},[96,623,625],{"id":624},"cuándo-se-usa-el-gerundio","¿Cuándo se usa el Gerundio?",[14,627,628],{},"El Gerundio tiene cinco usos principales:",[213,630,632],{"id":631},"_1-con-estar-perífrasis-del-progresivo","1. Con estar (perífrasis del progresivo)",[14,634,635,636,639],{},"\n    El uso más frecuente: ",[27,637,638],{},"estar + gerundio"," indica que una\n    acción está en curso en un momento concreto.\n  ",[44,641,46,642,46,648,46,654,12],{},[48,643,644,647],{},[27,645,646],{},"Estoy hablando con mi jefe"," (en este momento).",[48,649,650,653],{},[27,651,652],{},"Estábamos cenando cuando sonó el teléfono",".",[48,655,656,653],{},[27,657,658],{},"Estuve estudiando toda la tarde",[213,660,662],{"id":661},"_2-acción-simultánea","2. Acción simultánea",[14,664,665],{},"\n    Indica una acción que ocurre al mismo tiempo que la del verbo\n    principal:\n  ",[44,667,46,668,46,672,46,677,12],{},[48,669,670,653],{},[27,671,59],{},[48,673,674,653],{},[27,675,676],{},"Salió corriendo",[48,678,679,653],{},[27,680,681],{},"Pasa el día leyendo",[213,683,685],{"id":684},"_3-modo-o-manera-cómo","3. Modo o manera (¿cómo?)",[14,687,688],{},"\n    Responde a la pregunta «¿cómo?»:\n  ",[44,690,46,691,46,695,46,700,12],{},[48,692,693,653],{},[27,694,65],{},[48,696,697,653],{},[27,698,699],{},"Se gana la vida cantando",[48,701,702,653],{},[27,703,704],{},"Practica hablando con nativos",[213,706,708],{"id":707},"_4-causa-o-condición","4. Causa o condición",[14,710,711],{},"\n    El gerundio puede expresar la causa o la condición de algo:\n  ",[44,713,46,714,46,719,12],{},[48,715,716,718],{},[27,717,71],{}," (= si supiera eso).",[48,720,721,724],{},[27,722,723],{},"Estando enferma, no fue al trabajo"," (= porque estaba enferma).",[213,726,728],{"id":727},"_5-con-seguir-continuar-llevar","5. Con seguir / continuar / llevar",[44,730,46,731,46,736,46,741,12],{},[48,732,733,653],{},[27,734,735],{},"Sigue lloviendo",[48,737,738,653],{},[27,739,740],{},"Continuamos trabajando en el proyecto",[48,742,743,653],{},[27,744,745],{},"Lleva dos horas esperando",[10,747,12,748,12,752,12,758,12,762,12,780,12,831,12,835,12,860,12,864],{},[96,749,751],{"id":750},"cuáles-son-los-errores-comunes-con-el-gerundio","¿Cuáles son los errores comunes con el Gerundio?",[14,753,754,755,757],{},"\n    El gerundio se usa de forma diferente al ",[27,756,138],{}," inglés. Estos\n    son los errores más frecuentes:\n  ",[213,759,761],{"id":760},"_1-como-sustantivo-gerundio-no-es-sustantivo","1. Como sustantivo (gerundio NO es sustantivo)",[14,763,764,765,768,769,772,773,776,777,128],{},"\n    En inglés se dice ",[27,766,767],{},"I like running",", pero en español\n    ",[18,770,771],{},"NO"," se dice ",[27,774,775],{},"«Me gusta corriendo»",". Hay que\n    usar el infinitivo: ",[27,778,779],{},"Me gusta correr",[154,781,46,782,12],{},[157,783,159,784,159,794,46],{},[161,785,163,786,159],{},[165,787,788,791],{},[169,789,790],{},"Incorrecto",[169,792,793],{},"Correcto",[179,795,163,796,163,807,163,819,159],{},[165,797,798,803],{},[184,799,800],{},[27,801,802],{},"Me gusta corriendo",[184,804,805],{},[27,806,779],{},[165,808,809,814],{},[184,810,811],{},[27,812,813],{},"Es difícil hablando",[184,815,816],{},[27,817,818],{},"Es difícil hablar",[165,820,821,826],{},[184,822,823],{},[27,824,825],{},"Prohibido fumando",[184,827,828],{},[27,829,830],{},"Prohibido fumar",[213,832,834],{"id":833},"_2-como-adjetivo-con-excepciones","2. Como adjetivo (con excepciones)",[14,836,837,838,840,841,844,845,848,849,852,853,856,857,128],{},"\n    En general el gerundio no funciona como adjetivo. ",[18,839,771],{},"\n    se dice ",[27,842,843],{},"«una caja conteniendo libros»",", sino\n    ",[27,846,847],{},"«una caja que contiene libros»",". Las únicas excepciones\n    aceptadas por la RAE son ",[27,850,851],{},"hirviendo"," y ",[27,854,855],{},"ardiendo",":\n    ",[27,858,859],{},"agua hirviendo, casa ardiendo",[213,861,863],{"id":862},"_3-acción-posterior","3. Acción posterior",[14,865,866,867,869,870,873,874,128],{},"\n    El gerundio expresa simultaneidad o anterioridad, NO una acción\n    posterior. ",[18,868,771],{}," es correcto: ",[27,871,872],{},"«Salió de casa,\n    llegando media hora después»",". Mejor: ",[27,875,876],{},"«Salió de casa y\n    llegó media hora después»",[10,878,12,879],{},[14,880,881,882,885,886,888],{},"\n    ¿Quieres ",[18,883,884],{},"practicar"," el Gerundio? En nuestra app\n    puedes conjugar verbos con ejercicios interactivos y combinarlo\n    con ",[27,887,37],{}," para el progresivo.\n  ",[14,890,891],{},[81,892,92],{"href":83,"className":893},[85,86,87,88,89,90,91],{"title":895,"searchDepth":896,"depth":896,"links":897},"",2,[898,899,903,909,916],{"id":98,"depth":896,"text":99},{"id":148,"depth":896,"text":149,"children":900},[901],{"id":215,"depth":902,"text":216},3,{"id":315,"depth":896,"text":316,"children":904},[905,906,907,908],{"id":322,"depth":902,"text":323},{"id":443,"depth":902,"text":444},{"id":488,"depth":902,"text":489},{"id":603,"depth":902,"text":604},{"id":624,"depth":896,"text":625,"children":910},[911,912,913,914,915],{"id":631,"depth":902,"text":632},{"id":661,"depth":902,"text":662},{"id":684,"depth":902,"text":685},{"id":707,"depth":902,"text":708},{"id":727,"depth":902,"text":728},{"id":750,"depth":896,"text":751,"children":917},[918,919,920],{"id":760,"depth":902,"text":761},{"id":833,"depth":902,"text":834},{"id":862,"depth":902,"text":863},"Aprende el Gerundio en español: forma no personal del verbo (-ando, -iendo). Reglas, irregulares, usos con estar y errores comunes.","md",{"keywords":924},[20,925,926,927,928,929,930,931],"gerundio español","formas no personales","hablando comiendo viviendo","estar gerundio","perífrasis verbal","verbos irregulares gerundio","practicar gerundio",true,"/gerundio/es",{"title":5,"description":921},"gerundio/es","nf7Z9lkprGx-h98LFDd9rVSOOwtNpX97jEO12dU6X6A",1780262142959]