[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":821},["ShallowReactive",2],{"perfecto-subjuntivo-es":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":807,"extension":808,"meta":809,"navigation":816,"path":817,"seo":818,"stem":819,"__hash__":820},"content/perfecto-subjuntivo/es.md","Pretérito Perfecto de Subjuntivo: ¿cómo se forma y se usa?",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":788},"minimark",[9,68,83,295,394,599,677,774,783],[10,11,12,13,12,39],"section",{},"\n  ",[14,15,16,17,21,22,26,27,30,31,34,35,38],"p",{},"\n    El ",[18,19,20],"strong",{},"Pretérito Perfecto de Subjuntivo"," (también\n    ",[23,24,25],"em",{},"Perfecto de Subjuntivo",") se forma con el ",[18,28,29],{},"presente de\n    subjuntivo del verbo haber"," + el ",[18,32,33],{},"participio"," del\n    verbo principal. Se usa para hablar de ",[18,36,37],{},"acciones terminadas en el\n    pasado o en el futuro"," en oraciones que exigen subjuntivo: deseos,\n    dudas, emociones y juicios.\n  ",[40,41,42,43,42,50,42,56,42,62,12],"ul",{},"\n    ",[44,45,46,47],"li",{},"Acción pasada con verbo de emoción: ",[23,48,49],{},"Me alegro de que hayan venido",[44,51,52,53],{},"Duda sobre el pasado: ",[23,54,55],{},"No creo que haya llegado todavía",[44,57,58,59],{},"Acción acabada antes de un futuro: ",[23,60,61],{},"Cuando hayas terminado, llámame",[44,63,64,65],{},"Juicio o valoración: ",[23,66,67],{},"Es una pena que no hayas podido asistir",[14,69,70],{},[71,72,82],"a",{"href":73,"className":74},"/dashboard",[75,76,77,78,79,80,81],"btn","btn-primary","btn-lg","px-4","py-2","d-inline-block","mb-4","Practicar Perfecto de Subjuntivo",[10,84,12,85,12,90,12,108,12,192,12,197],{},[86,87,89],"h2",{"id":88},"cómo-se-forma-el-perfecto-de-subjuntivo","¿Cómo se forma el Perfecto de Subjuntivo?",[14,91,92,93,96,97,99,100,103,104,107],{},"\n    La regla es simple: ",[18,94,95],{},"presente de subjuntivo de haber"," +\n    ",[18,98,33],{},". El haber se conjuga; el participio es\n    invariable (termina en ",[23,101,102],{},"-ado"," o ",[23,105,106],{},"-ido",", salvo irregulares).\n  ",[109,110,42,111,12],"div",{},[112,113,114,115,114,133,42],"table",{},"\n      ",[116,117,118,119,114],"thead",{},"\n        ",[120,121,122,123,122,127,122,130,118],"tr",{},"\n          ",[124,125,126],"th",{},"Persona",[124,128,129],{},"haber (subjuntivo)",[124,131,132],{},"+ participio",[134,135,118,136,118,153,118,161,118,168,118,176,118,184,114],"tbody",{},[120,137,138,142,145],{},[139,140,141],"td",{},"yo",[139,143,144],{},"haya",[139,146,148,149,152],{"rowSpan":147},6,"-ar → -ado",[150,151],"br",{},"-er / -ir → -ido",[120,154,155,158],{},[139,156,157],{},"tú",[139,159,160],{},"hayas",[120,162,163,166],{},[139,164,165],{},"él / ella / usted",[139,167,144],{},[120,169,170,173],{},[139,171,172],{},"nosotros",[139,174,175],{},"hayamos",[120,177,178,181],{},[139,179,180],{},"vosotros",[139,182,183],{},"hayáis",[120,185,186,189],{},[139,187,188],{},"ellos / ustedes",[139,190,191],{},"hayan",[193,194,196],"h3",{"id":195},"verbos-regulares-hablar-comer-vivir","Verbos regulares: hablar, comer, vivir",[109,198,42,199,12],{},[112,200,114,201,114,216,42],{},[116,202,118,203,114],{},[120,204,122,205,122,207,122,210,122,213,118],{},[124,206,126],{},[124,208,209],{},"hablar (-ar)",[124,211,212],{},"comer (-er)",[124,214,215],{},"vivir (-ir)",[134,217,118,218,118,231,118,244,118,255,118,268,118,281,114],{},[120,219,220,222,225,228],{},[139,221,141],{},[139,223,224],{},"haya hablado",[139,226,227],{},"haya comido",[139,229,230],{},"haya vivido",[120,232,233,235,238,241],{},[139,234,157],{},[139,236,237],{},"hayas hablado",[139,239,240],{},"hayas comido",[139,242,243],{},"hayas vivido",[120,245,246,249,251,253],{},[139,247,248],{},"él/ella",[139,250,224],{},[139,252,227],{},[139,254,230],{},[120,256,257,259,262,265],{},[139,258,172],{},[139,260,261],{},"hayamos hablado",[139,263,264],{},"hayamos comido",[139,266,267],{},"hayamos vivido",[120,269,270,272,275,278],{},[139,271,180],{},[139,273,274],{},"hayáis hablado",[139,276,277],{},"hayáis comido",[139,279,280],{},"hayáis vivido",[120,282,283,286,289,292],{},[139,284,285],{},"ellos",[139,287,288],{},"hayan hablado",[139,290,291],{},"hayan comido",[139,293,294],{},"hayan vivido",[10,296,12,297,12,301,12,311,12,315,12,332,12,336,12,352,12,356,12,373,12,377],{},[86,298,300],{"id":299},"cuándo-se-usa-el-perfecto-de-subjuntivo","¿Cuándo se usa el Perfecto de Subjuntivo?",[14,302,303,304,306,307,310],{},"El ",[23,305,20],{}," aparece siempre en\n  oraciones subordinadas que exigen subjuntivo y se refieren a una acción\n  ",[18,308,309],{},"completada",". Hay cuatro usos principales:",[193,312,314],{"id":313},"_1-acción-terminada-en-el-pasado-tras-verbo-de-emoción-o-juicio","1. Acción terminada en el pasado tras verbo de emoción o juicio",[40,316,42,317,42,322,42,327,12],{},[44,318,319,321],{},[23,320,49],{}," — la llegada ya ocurrió.",[44,323,324,326],{},[23,325,67],{},".",[44,328,329,326],{},[23,330,331],{},"Siento que no te haya gustado la película",[193,333,335],{"id":334},"_2-duda-negación-o-probabilidad-sobre-el-pasado","2. Duda, negación o probabilidad sobre el pasado",[40,337,42,338,42,342,42,347,12],{},[44,339,340,326],{},[23,341,55],{},[44,343,344,326],{},[23,345,346],{},"Dudo que lo haya hecho él",[44,348,349,326],{},[23,350,351],{},"Es posible que ya hayan salido de casa",[193,353,355],{"id":354},"_3-acción-acabada-antes-de-un-momento-futuro","3. Acción acabada antes de un momento futuro",[40,357,42,358,42,363,42,368,12],{},[44,359,360,326],{},[23,361,362],{},"Cuando hayas terminado el trabajo, llámame",[44,364,365,326],{},[23,366,367],{},"En cuanto hayamos comido, salimos",[44,369,370,326],{},[23,371,372],{},"Tan pronto como hayas leído el libro, devuélvemelo",[193,374,376],{"id":375},"_4-deseo-o-esperanza-sobre-algo-ya-ocurrido","4. Deseo o esperanza sobre algo ya ocurrido",[40,378,42,379,42,384,42,389,12],{},[44,380,381,326],{},[23,382,383],{},"Espero que hayas terminado el trabajo",[44,385,386,326],{},[23,387,388],{},"Ojalá hayan llegado bien",[44,390,391,326],{},[23,392,393],{},"Que tengas suerte y hayas estudiado lo suficiente",[10,395,12,396,12,400,12,418,12,580,12,584],{},[86,397,399],{"id":398},"qué-verbos-tienen-participio-irregular","¿Qué verbos tienen participio irregular?",[14,401,402,403,405,406,409,410,413,414,417],{},"\n    Como el Perfecto de Subjuntivo usa el ",[18,404,33],{},", los\n    irregulares son los mismos que en ",[23,407,408],{},"Pretérito Perfecto",",\n    ",[23,411,412],{},"Pluscuamperfecto"," y ",[23,415,416],{},"Futuro Perfecto",". El haber siempre es\n    regular (haya, hayas…).\n  ",[109,419,42,420,12],{},[112,421,114,422,114,435,42],{},[116,423,118,424,114],{},[120,425,122,426,122,429,122,432,118],{},[124,427,428],{},"Infinitivo",[124,430,431],{},"Participio",[124,433,434],{},"Ejemplo (yo)",[134,436,118,437,118,448,118,459,118,470,118,481,118,492,118,503,118,514,118,525,118,536,118,547,118,558,118,569,114],{},[120,438,439,442,445],{},[139,440,441],{},"abrir",[139,443,444],{},"abierto",[139,446,447],{},"haya abierto",[120,449,450,453,456],{},[139,451,452],{},"cubrir",[139,454,455],{},"cubierto",[139,457,458],{},"haya cubierto",[120,460,461,464,467],{},[139,462,463],{},"descubrir",[139,465,466],{},"descubierto",[139,468,469],{},"haya descubierto",[120,471,472,475,478],{},[139,473,474],{},"decir",[139,476,477],{},"dicho",[139,479,480],{},"haya dicho",[120,482,483,486,489],{},[139,484,485],{},"escribir",[139,487,488],{},"escrito",[139,490,491],{},"haya escrito",[120,493,494,497,500],{},[139,495,496],{},"hacer",[139,498,499],{},"hecho",[139,501,502],{},"haya hecho",[120,504,505,508,511],{},[139,506,507],{},"morir",[139,509,510],{},"muerto",[139,512,513],{},"haya muerto",[120,515,516,519,522],{},[139,517,518],{},"poner",[139,520,521],{},"puesto",[139,523,524],{},"haya puesto",[120,526,527,530,533],{},[139,528,529],{},"resolver",[139,531,532],{},"resuelto",[139,534,535],{},"haya resuelto",[120,537,538,541,544],{},[139,539,540],{},"romper",[139,542,543],{},"roto",[139,545,546],{},"haya roto",[120,548,549,552,555],{},[139,550,551],{},"ver",[139,553,554],{},"visto",[139,556,557],{},"haya visto",[120,559,560,563,566],{},[139,561,562],{},"volver",[139,564,565],{},"vuelto",[139,567,568],{},"haya vuelto",[120,570,571,574,577],{},[139,572,573],{},"devolver",[139,575,576],{},"devuelto",[139,578,579],{},"haya devuelto",[193,581,583],{"id":582},"participios-con-hiato","Participios con hiato",[14,585,586,587,590,591,594,595,598],{},"\n    En verbos como ",[23,588,589],{},"oír, creer, leer, caer, traer",", el participio\n    lleva tilde sobre la ",[23,592,593],{},"í",": ",[23,596,597],{},"haya oído, haya creído, haya leído,\n    haya caído, haya traído",".\n  ",[10,600,12,601,12,605,12,622],{},[86,602,604],{"id":603},"cuál-es-la-diferencia-entre-perfecto-y-pluscuamperfecto-de-subjuntivo","¿Cuál es la diferencia entre Perfecto y Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo?",[14,606,16,607,609,610,613,614,617,618,621],{},[18,608,25],{}," describe una acción\n    ",[23,611,612],{},"conectada con el presente"," o con el futuro; el\n    ",[18,615,616],{},"Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo",", una acción\n    ",[23,619,620],{},"anterior a otro momento del pasado",", normalmente hipotética.\n  ",[109,623,42,624,12],{},[112,625,114,626,114,639,42],{},[116,627,118,628,114],{},[120,629,122,630,122,633,122,636,118],{},[124,631,632],{},"Forma",[124,634,635],{},"Significado",[124,637,638],{},"Ejemplo",[134,640,118,641,118,652,118,664,114],{},[120,642,643,645,648],{},[139,644,25],{},[139,646,647],{},"acción terminada conectada con el ahora o futuro",[139,649,650],{},[23,651,55],{},[120,653,654,656,659],{},[139,655,616],{},[139,657,658],{},"acción acabada antes de otra del pasado",[139,660,661],{},[23,662,663],{},"No creía que hubiera llegado",[120,665,666,669,672],{},[139,667,668],{},"Imperfecto de Subjuntivo",[139,670,671],{},"acción no acabada o hipótesis",[139,673,674],{},[23,675,676],{},"No creía que llegara",[10,678,12,679,12,683,12,707],{},[86,680,682],{"id":681},"cómo-elegir-entre-indicativo-y-subjuntivo-en-oraciones-compuestas","¿Cómo elegir entre indicativo y subjuntivo en oraciones compuestas?",[14,684,685,686,103,689,692,693,696,697,103,700,703,704,706],{},"\n    Si el verbo principal expresa ",[23,687,688],{},"certeza",[23,690,691],{},"afirmación",", se\n    usa el indicativo (",[23,694,695],{},"he hablado","); si expresa ",[23,698,699],{},"duda, deseo,\n    emoción, juicio",[23,701,702],{},"negación",", se usa el subjuntivo\n    (",[23,705,224],{},").\n  ",[109,708,42,709,12],{},[112,710,114,711,114,723,42],{},[116,712,118,713,114],{},[120,714,122,715,122,718,122,721,118],{},[124,716,717],{},"Verbo principal",[124,719,720],{},"Modo",[124,722,638],{},[134,724,118,725,118,738,118,751,118,763,114],{},[120,726,727,730,733],{},[139,728,729],{},"Creo que / es verdad que",[139,731,732],{},"indicativo",[139,734,735],{},[23,736,737],{},"Creo que ha llegado",[120,739,740,743,746],{},[139,741,742],{},"No creo que / dudo que",[139,744,745],{},"subjuntivo",[139,747,748],{},[23,749,750],{},"No creo que haya llegado",[120,752,753,756,758],{},[139,754,755],{},"Espero que / ojalá",[139,757,745],{},[139,759,760],{},[23,761,762],{},"Espero que hayas terminado",[120,764,765,768,770],{},[139,766,767],{},"Me alegro de que / es una pena que",[139,769,745],{},[139,771,772],{},[23,773,49],{},[10,775,12,776],{},[14,777,778,779,782],{},"\n    ¿Quieres ",[18,780,781],{},"practicar"," el Perfecto de Subjuntivo? En nuestra\n    app puedes conjugar verbos con ejercicios interactivos y compararlo con el\n    Presente, el Imperfecto y el Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo.\n  ",[14,784,785],{},[71,786,82],{"href":73,"className":787},[75,76,77,78,79,80,81],{"title":789,"searchDepth":790,"depth":790,"links":791},"",2,[792,796,802,805,806],{"id":88,"depth":790,"text":89,"children":793},[794],{"id":195,"depth":795,"text":196},3,{"id":299,"depth":790,"text":300,"children":797},[798,799,800,801],{"id":313,"depth":795,"text":314},{"id":334,"depth":795,"text":335},{"id":354,"depth":795,"text":355},{"id":375,"depth":795,"text":376},{"id":398,"depth":790,"text":399,"children":803},[804],{"id":582,"depth":795,"text":583},{"id":603,"depth":790,"text":604},{"id":681,"depth":790,"text":682},"Aprende el Pretérito Perfecto de Subjuntivo en español: haya + participio. Reglas, participios irregulares, ejemplos y diferencia con el Imperfecto y Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo.","md",{"keywords":810},[20,25,224,811,812,813,814,815],"perfect subjunctive spanish","participios irregulares","subjuntivo compuesto","espero que hayas","practicar perfecto subjuntivo",true,"/perfecto-subjuntivo/es",{"title":5,"description":807},"perfecto-subjuntivo/es","nGY5I0Wqak4kDnEA7RTRdy8U_7JasIJgjZscXoXldE8",1780262142400]